A switchable approach to large object allocation in real-time Java

Over the last 20 years object-oriented programming languages and managed run-times like Java have been very popular because of their software engineering benefits. Despite their popularity in many application areas, they have not been considered suitable for real-time programming. Besides many other factors, one of the barriers that prevent their acceptance in the development of real-time systems is the long pause times that may arise during large object allocation. This paper examines different kinds of solutions that have been developed so far and introduces a switchable approach to large object allocation in real-time Java. A synthetic benchmark application that is developed to evaluate the effectiveness of the presented technique against other currently implemented techniques is also described

Numerical analysis of wheel cornering fatigue tests

In automotive engineering, the wheels are one of the most critical components and their function is of vital importance n human safety. The cornering fatigue test is one of the traditional durability tests for wheel prototype verification. In this paper, a bi-axial load-notch strain approximation for proportional loading is proposed to estimate the fatigue life of a passenger car wheel during the cornering fatigue test under plane stress conditions. The elastoplastic strain components are calculated analytically using the total deformation theory of plasticity. The input for the load-notch strain analysis is the measured or calculated plastic strain state at the notch together with the materials stabilised cyclic stress-strain curve evaluated with unnotched tension specimens. The damage accumulation is based on the Palmgren-Miner rule. The methodology is implemented in a program called "Metal Fatigue Prediction and Analysis" (MFPA). The life prediction of a passenger car wheel during the cornering fatigue test is performed. The results of the analysis is compared with two cornering tests on the same design. The result is very encouraging and the application of the developed MFPA. program provides time and the cost savings in the analysis of wheel cornering fatigue tests. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Influence of porosity characteristics in MgO.ZrO2-GG coating subjected to thermal loading

In this investigation, coupled (thermal and structure) finite-element analysis has been employed to analyse the influences of porosity volume, size and distribution in MgO.ZrO2-GG coating subjected to thermal loading. Coatings with and without NiAl interlayer material were modeled. All models had a 1/10 coating-to-substrate thickness ratio and a porosity ratio of 3% and 7%. The porosity location and distribution were also considered and modeled. Thermal stresses at the vulnerable areas (film/substrate) were obtained and compared. The results showed that the volume, size, location and distribution of the porosity have a significant influence on the level of the developed thermal stresses. In the case of MgO.ZrO2-GG coatings the optimum low-level stresses are developed with 7% small-size uniformly-distributed porosity allocated far away from the coating surface. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Numerical analysis of wheel cornering fatigue tests

In automotive engineering, the wheels are one of the most critical components and their function is of vital importance n human safety. The cornering fatigue test is one of the traditional durability tests for wheel prototype verification. In this paper, a bi-axial load-notch strain approximation for proportional loading is proposed to estimate the fatigue life of a passenger car wheel during the cornering fatigue test under plane stress conditions. The elastoplastic strain components are calculated analytically using the total deformation theory of plasticity. The input for the load-notch strain analysis is the measured or calculated plastic strain state at the notch together with the materials stabilised cyclic stress-strain curve evaluated with unnotched tension specimens. The damage accumulation is based on the Palmgren-Miner rule. The methodology is implemented in a program called "Metal Fatigue Prediction and Analysis" (MFPA). The life prediction of a passenger car wheel during the cornering fatigue test is performed. The results of the analysis is compared with two cornering tests on the same design. The result is very encouraging and the application of the developed MFPA. program provides time and the cost savings in the analysis of wheel cornering fatigue tests. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Influence of porosity characteristics in MgO.ZrO2-GG coating subjected to thermal loading

In this investigation, coupled (thermal and structure) finite-element analysis has been employed to analyse the influences of porosity volume, size and distribution in MgO.ZrO2-GG coating subjected to thermal loading. Coatings with and without NiAl interlayer material were modeled. All models had a 1/10 coating-to-substrate thickness ratio and a porosity ratio of 3% and 7%. The porosity location and distribution were also considered and modeled. Thermal stresses at the vulnerable areas (film/substrate) were obtained and compared. The results showed that the volume, size, location and distribution of the porosity have a significant influence on the level of the developed thermal stresses. In the case of MgO.ZrO2-GG coatings the optimum low-level stresses are developed with 7% small-size uniformly-distributed porosity allocated far away from the coating surface. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

A simple approach for multiaxial fatigue damage prediction based on FEM post-processing

A simple methodology to predict crack initiation life is described in the fatigue damage assessment of metallic structures typically used in ground vehicle industry. A phenomenological constitutive model is integrated with a notch stress-strain analysis method and local loads under general multiaxial fatigue loads are modeled with linear elastic FE analyses. The computed stress-strain response is used to predict the fatigue crack initiation life using effective strain range parameters and two critical plane parameters. The proposed methodology is employed in the fatigue test cycle prediction of the biaxial cornering tests of light-alloy wheels. Numerical simulations indicate that estimates using critical plane models provide better correlations between the cornering test cycles and predicted cycles. Also, comparisons in terms test failure locations and estimated crack initiation sites are given. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

Analytical durability modeling and evaluation - complementary techniques for physical testing of automotive components

As a result of the commercial pressure new methods of durability evaluation have to be explored, automotive suppliers are now being asked to develop new components and subsystems in shorter times and using fewer physical prototypes. The need for the verification of the existing methods for the durability assessment have been increasing and this turns out to be the only way to propose new computational models to validate the final product within these reduced time scales and resources. The paper reviews some of the computational aspects of fatigue damage analysis and life prediction, and a practical fatigue evaluation tool is presented to meet this challenge. The computational methodology based on the local strain approach is described in detail for the fatigue damage assessment of metallic components under general multiaxial fatigue loads. The application of the proposed methodology is illustrated with an industrial example; the numerical simulation of biaxial cornering tests of light-alloy wheels is conducted, and correlations between the cornering test cycles and predicted cycles using different damage models are provided and comparisons in terms test failure locations and estimated crack initiation sites are given. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Region based interpolation error expansion algorithm for reversible image watermarking

In this paper, we propose a new reversible image watermarking method based on interpolation-error expansion called region based interpolation error expansion (RBIEE). We improved Thodi's prediction error expansion (PEE) technique by using a novel interpolation algorithm which exploits interpixel correlation better. Furthermore, interpolation error histogram is divided into two regions. The parameters of each region are determined separately and iteratively to reach a given embedding capacity more precisely. However, adaptive embedding strategy is utilized to get better capacity-distortion performance. Advantage of the proposed method over the other state-of-the-art methods in terms of capacity and visual quality is demonstrated experimentally. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Improving estimation of body lengths using extended Kalman Filter for squat movement

274-278Modeling and analyzing of human movements has become easier with the development of sensor technologies. Human movements can be modeled using image processing software with depth and motion sensors in 3D. Measurement errors are also observed in motion detection sensors as in most systems. Special filters have to be developed for each system in order to minimize this error rate and obtain more realistic measurements. Kalman Filter is a well-known method that is commonly used to minimize this type of measurement errors. In this study, the actual body lengths (upper arm, forearm, lower leg, upper leg) are measured and obtained from the human motion sensor. Kalman Filter and Extended Kalman Filter are applied to the obtained data from human motion sensor. All measurements are compared with the actual body lengths and error rate is calculated as using Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). Kinect data are compared with actual lengths and error rates were calculated at 20%, when the Kalman Filter is applied, the error rate decreased to 14%, while when the Extended Kalman filter is applied, it dropped to 8%. Human motion sensor data have been improved with using Extended Kalman Filter. Thus, actual measurements of candidatescan be easily obtained with only one useful sensor without taking any actual measurements by saving time and budget

Risk analysis of lung cancer and effects of stress level on cancer risk through neuro-fuzzy model

A significant number of people pass away due to limited medical resources for the battle with cancer. Fatal cases can be reduced by using the computational techniques in the medical and health system. If the cancer is diagnosed early, the chance of successful treatment increases. In this study, the risk of getting lung cancer will be obtained and patients will be provided with directions to exterminate the risk. After calculating the risk value for lung cancer, status of the patient's susceptibility and resistance to stress is used in determining the effects of stress to disease. In order to resolve the problem, the neuro-fuzzy logic model has been presented. When encouraging results are obtained from the study; the system will form a pre-diagnosis for the people who possibly can have risk of getting cancer due to working conditions or living standards. Therefore, this study will enable these people to take precautions to prevent the risk of cancer. In this study a new t-norm operator has been utilized in the problem. Finally, the performance of the proposed method has been compared to other methods. Beside this, the contribution of neuro-fuzzy logic model in the field of health and topics of artificial intelligence will also be examined in this study. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved